The fifth chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, called đđ°đđŽđ¸đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ¯đđđ or đđ°đđŽ-Sannyasa đ¯đđ, opens on the battlefield of đđđ°đđđđˇđđ¤đđ°. Here, in the heart of the đŽđšđžđđžđ°đ¤ epic, two cousins-đ
đ°đđđđ¨ of the đĒđžđđĄđĩđžđ and đļđđ°đđđđˇđđŖ, his charioteer and guide-continue their profound dialogue. The tension of war hangs heavy, but the real battle is within: đ
đ°đđđđ¨ is torn between his duty as a warrior and his longing for inner peace.
In the previous chapter, đļđđ°đđđđˇđđŖ introduced the path of đđđđžđ¨-đ¯đđ, the đ¯đđ of knowledge, and contrasted it with đđ°đđŽ-đ¯đđ, the đ¯đđ of selfless action. đ
đ°đđđđ¨ is left wondering: is it better to renounce action entirely, or to act without attachment? The fourth chapter ended with the promise that knowledge and action, when rightly understood, lead to freedom.
As the chapter closes, đļđđ°đđđđˇđđŖ paints a picture of the liberated soul-one who is at peace, seeing the same Self (đđ¤đđŽđž) in all beings, beyond likes and dislikes, beyond pride and possessiveness. This sets the stage for the next chapter, where đļđđ°đđđđˇđđŖ will introduce the path of meditation and inner discipline, showing how the mind can be trained to rest in this deep peace.
đđ đļđđ°đ đĒđ°đŽđžđ¤đđŽđ¨đ đ¨đŽđ
đ
đĨ đĒđđđŽđđŊđ§đđ¯đžđ¯đ
đđ°đđŽđ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ¯đđđ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Salutations to the Supreme Self. Now begins the fifth chapter, titled The Yoga of Renunciation of Action.
đ
đ°đđđđ¨ đđĩđžđ
đ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ đđ°đđŽđŖđžđ đđđˇđđŖ đĒđđ¨đ°đđ¯đđđ đ đļđđ¸đ¸đŋ āĨ¤
đ¯đđđđđ°đđ¯ đđ¤đ¯đđ°đđđ đ¤đ¨đđŽđ đŦđđ°đđšđŋ đ¸đđ¨đŋđļđđđŋđ¤đŽđ āĨĨ1āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Arjuna said: Krishna, you have spoken about both giving up actions and also about the path of action. Please tell me clearly which one of these two is truly better, so I can follow it with confidence.
đļđđ°đ đđđĩđžđ¨đđĩđžđ
đ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ đđ°đđŽđ¯đđđļđđ đ¨đŋđļđđļđđ°đđ¯đ¸đđ°đžđĩđđđ āĨ¤
đ¤đ¯đđ¸đđ¤đ đđ°đđŽđ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đžđ¤đ đđ°đđŽđ¯đđđ đĩđŋđļđŋđˇđđ¯đ¤đ āĨĨ2āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The Blessed Lord said: Both renunciation of actions and the path of selfless action lead to the highest spiritual fulfillment, but between the two, the yoga of action is considered superior to the mere renunciation of work.
đđđđđ¯đ đ¸ đ¨đŋđ¤đđ¯đ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ đ¯đ đ¨ đĻđđĩđđˇđđđŋ đ¨ đđžđđđđˇđ¤đŋ āĨ¤
đ¨đŋđ°đđĻđđĩđđĻđđĩđ đšđŋ đŽđšđžđŦđžđšđ đ¸đđđ đŦđđ§đžđ¤đđĒđđ°đŽđđđđ¯đ¤đ āĨĨ3āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
One who neither hates nor desires, who is free from the pull of opposites, should be understood as a true renouncer. Such a person, O Arjuna, is easily freed from all bondage.
đ¸đžđđđđ¯đ¯đđđ đĒđđĨđđđŦđžđ˛đžđ đĒđđ°đĩđĻđđ¤đŋ đ¨ đĒđđĄđŋđ¤đžđ āĨ¤
đđđŽđĒđđ¯đžđ¸đđĨđŋđ¤đ đ¸đŽđđ¯đđ đđđ¯đđ°đđĩđŋđđĻđ¤đ đĢđ˛đŽđ āĨĨ4āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Those who lack true understanding claim that the path of knowledge and the path of action are separate, but the wise do not see them as different. Whoever is sincerely established in either one of these paths will attain the results of both.
đ¯đ¤đđ¸đžđđđđ¯đđ đĒđđ°đžđĒđđ¯đ¤đ đ¸đđĨđžđ¨đ đ¤đĻđđ¯đđđđ°đĒđŋ đđŽđđ¯đ¤đ āĨ¤
đđđ đ¸đžđđđđ¯đ đ đ¯đđđ đ đ¯đ đĒđļđđ¯đ¤đŋ đ¸ đĒđļđđ¯đ¤đŋ āĨĨ5āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The state that is reached by those who follow the path of knowledge is also attained by those who follow the path of selfless action. Whoever understands that knowledge and action, when properly practiced, lead to the same ultimate goal, truly sees things as they are.
đ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ¸đđ¤đ đŽđšđžđŦđžđšđ đĻđđđđŽđžđĒđđ¤đđŽđ¯đđđ¤đ āĨ¤
đ¯đđđ¯đđđđ¤đ đŽđđ¨đŋđ°đđŦđđ°đšđđŽ đ¨đđŋđ°đđŖđžđ§đŋđđđđđ¤đŋ āĨĨ6āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
However, O mighty-armed Arjuna, renunciation is difficult to achieve without practicing yoga. The sage who is disciplined in yoga swiftly attains the supreme reality.
đ¯đđđ¯đđđđ¤đ đĩđŋđļđđĻđđ§đžđ¤đđŽđž đĩđŋđđŋđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđž đđŋđ¤đđđĻđđ°đŋđ¯đ āĨ¤
đ¸đ°đđĩđđđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđđđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđž đđđ°đđĩđ¨đđ¨đĒđŋ đ¨ đ˛đŋđĒđđ¯đ¤đ āĨĨđāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
A person who is established in yoga, whose mind is pure, who has mastered himself and his senses, and who sees his own self in all beings, is not affected by actions, even while actively engaged in them.
đ¨đđĩ đđŋđđđŋđ¤đđđ°đđŽđđ¤đŋ đ¯đđđđ¤đ đŽđ¨đđ¯đđ¤ đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđĩđĩđŋđ¤đ āĨ¤
đĒđļđđ¯đ¨đđļđđŖđđĩđ¨đđ¸đđĒđđļđđđŋđđđ°đ¨đ đ
đļđđ¨đ¨đđđđđđ¨đđ¸đđĩđĒđ¨đđļđđĩđ¸đ¨đ āĨĨđŽāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The person who is steady in yoga and knows the truth should think, 'I am not doing anything at all,' even while seeing, hearing, touching, smelling, eating, moving, sleeping, or breathing.
đĒđđ°đ˛đĒđ¨đđĩđŋđ¸đđđ¨đđđđšđđŖđ¨đ đđ¨đđŽđŋđˇđ¨đđ¨đŋđŽđŋđˇđ¨đđ¨đĒđŋ āĨ¤
đđđĻđđ°đŋđ¯đžđŖđđđĻđđ°đŋđ¯đžđ°đđĨđđˇđ đĩđ°đđ¤đđ¤ đđ¤đŋ đ§đžđ°đ¯đ¨đ āĨĨđ¯āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Even while speaking, letting go, grasping, opening or closing the eyes, one should recognize that it is simply the senses interacting with their respective objects.
đŦđđ°đšđđŽđŖđđ¯đžđ§đžđ¯ đđ°đđŽđžđŖđŋ đ¸đđđ đ¤đđ¯đđđ¤đđĩđž đđ°đđ¤đŋ đ¯đ āĨ¤
đ˛đŋđĒđđ¯đ¤đ đ¨ đ¸ đĒđžđĒđđ¨ đĒđĻđđŽđĒđ¤đđ°đŽđŋđĩđžđđđ¸đž āĨĨ10āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
One who performs actions by dedicating them to the Absolute and letting go of attachment is not stained by wrongdoing, just as a lotus leaf remains untouched by water.
đđžđ¯đđ¨ đŽđ¨đ¸đž đŦđđĻđđ§đđ¯đž đđđĩđ˛đđ°đŋđđĻđđ°đŋđ¯đđ°đĒđŋ āĨ¤
đ¯đđđŋđ¨đ đđ°đđŽ đđđ°đđĩđđ¤đŋ đ¸đđđ đ¤đđ¯đđđ¤đđĩđžđ¤đđŽđļđđĻđđ§đ¯đ āĨĨ11āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Yogis, having let go of attachment, perform actions using only the body, mind, intellect, and senses, acting simply for their own self-purification.
đ¯đđđđ¤đ đđ°đđŽđĢđ˛đ đ¤đđ¯đđđ¤đđĩđž đļđžđđ¤đŋđŽđžđĒđđ¨đđ¤đŋ đ¨đđˇđđ đŋđđđŽđ āĨ¤
đ
đ¯đđđđ¤đ đđžđŽđđžđ°đđŖ đĢđ˛đ đ¸đđđ¤đ đ¨đŋđŦđ§đđ¯đ¤đ āĨĨ12āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
A person who is steadfast and has given up attachment to the results of their actions attains a deep and lasting peace. But someone who is not disciplined, acting out of desire and clinging to the outcomes, becomes entangled and bound by their actions.
đ¸đ°đđĩđđ°đđŽđžđŖđŋ đŽđ¨đ¸đž đ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đ¸đđ¯đžđ¸đđ¤đ đ¸đđđ đĩđļđ āĨ¤
đ¨đĩđĻđđĩđžđ°đ đĒđđ°đ đĻđđšđ đ¨đđĩ đđđ°đđĩđ¨đđ¨ đđžđ°đ¯đ¨đ āĨĨ13āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The self-controlled person, having mentally given up all actions, lives happily in the body, which is like a city with nine gates, neither acting nor causing actions to be done.
đ¨ đđ°đđ¤đđ¤đđĩđ đ¨ đđ°đđŽđžđŖđŋ đ˛đđđ¸đđ¯ đ¸đđđ¤đŋ đĒđđ°đđđ āĨ¤
đ¨ đđ°đđŽđĢđ˛đ¸đđ¯đđđ đ¸đđĩđđžđĩđ¸đđ¤đ đĒđđ°đĩđ°đđ¤đ¤đ āĨĨ14āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The Self does not create the sense of agency, actions, or the connection with the results of actions for anyone in the world. Instead, it is only natural tendencies that operate and bring these about.
đ¨đžđĻđ¤đđ¤đ đđ¸đđ¯đđŋđ¤đđĒđžđĒđ đ¨ đđđĩ đ¸đđđđ¤đ đĩđŋđđđ āĨ¤
đ
đđđđžđ¨đđ¨đžđĩđđ¤đ đđđđžđ¨đ đ¤đđ¨ đŽđđšđđ¯đđ¤đŋ đđđ¤đĩđ āĨĨ15āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The all-pervading Self does not take on anyone's sins or good deeds. Instead, knowledge is hidden by ignorance, and because of this, living beings become confused.
đđđđžđ¨đđ¨ đ¤đ đ¤đĻđđđđžđ¨đ đ¯đđˇđžđ đ¨đžđļđŋđ¤đŽđžđ¤đđŽđ¨đ āĨ¤
đ¤đđˇđžđŽđžđĻđŋđ¤đđ¯đĩđđđđđđžđ¨đ đĒđđ°đđžđļđ¯đ¤đŋ đ¤đ¤đđĒđ°đŽđ āĨĨ16āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
But for those whose ignorance has been removed by knowledge of the Self, their awareness shines like the sun, revealing the highest reality.
đ¤đĻđđŦđđĻđđ§đ¯đ¸đđ¤đĻđžđ¤đđŽđžđ¨đ đ¤đ¨đđ¨đŋđˇđđ đžđ¸đđ¤đ¤đđĒđ°đžđ¯đŖđžđ āĨ¤
đđđđđđ¤đđ¯đĒđđ¨đ°đžđĩđđ¤đđ¤đŋđ đđđđžđ¨đ¨đŋđ°đđ§đđ¤đđ˛đđŽđˇđžđ āĨĨ1đāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Those whose understanding is centered in the Supreme, whose very identity is rooted in That, who are unwaveringly dedicated to That, and who hold That as their highest purpose, reach the state from which there is no return. Their faults have been washed away by knowledge.
đĩđŋđĻđđ¯đžđĩđŋđ¨đ¯đ¸đđĒđ¨đđ¨đ đŦđđ°đžđšđđŽđŖđ đđĩđŋ đšđ¸đđ¤đŋđ¨đŋ āĨ¤
đļđđ¨đŋ đđđĩ đļđđĩđĒđžđđ đ đĒđđĄđŋđ¤đžđ đ¸đŽđĻđ°đđļđŋđ¨đ āĨĨ1đŽāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The wise, who are endowed with true knowledge and humility, see with equal vision a learned and humble Brahmin, a cow, an elephant, a dog, and even a person considered an outcaste who eats dog meat.
đđšđđĩ đ¤đđ°đđđŋđ¤đ đ¸đ°đđđ đ¯đđˇđžđ đ¸đžđŽđđ¯đ đ¸đđĨđŋđ¤đ đŽđ¨đ āĨ¤
đ¨đŋđ°đđĻđđˇđ đšđŋ đ¸đŽđ đŦđđ°đšđđŽ đ¤đ¸đđŽđžđ¤đ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđŖđŋ đ¤đ đ¸đđĨđŋđ¤đžđ āĨĨ1đ¯āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Those whose minds are firmly set in seeing equality overcome the cycle of birth and death even while living in this world. Because Brahman is flawless and the same in all, such people are truly established in Brahman.
đ¨ đĒđđ°đšđđˇđđ¯đđ¤đđĒđđ°đŋđ¯đ đĒđđ°đžđĒđđ¯ đ¨đđĻđđĩđŋđđđ¤đđĒđđ°đžđĒđđ¯ đđžđĒđđ°đŋđ¯đŽđ āĨ¤
đ¸đđĨđŋđ°đŦđđĻđđ§đŋđ°đ¸đŽđđŽđđĸđ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđĩđŋđ¤đ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđŖđŋ đ¸đđĨđŋđ¤đ āĨĨ20āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
One who knows the absolute reality and is firmly established in it, with a steady and undeluded mind, does not become elated when encountering pleasant things nor disturbed when facing unpleasant experiences.
đŦđžđšđđ¯đ¸đđĒđ°đđļđđˇđđĩđ¸đđđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđž đĩđŋđđĻđ¤đđ¯đžđ¤đđŽđ¨đŋ đ¯đ¤đđ¸đđđŽđ āĨ¤
đ¸ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđ¯đđđ¯đđđđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđž đ¸đđđŽđđđˇđ¯đŽđļđđ¨đđ¤đ āĨĨ21āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
One whose mind is not attached to external sense experiences finds true happiness within the self. Such a person, whose consciousness is united with meditation on Brahman, enjoys a happiness that does not fade or end.
đ¯đ đšđŋ đ¸đđ¸đđĒđ°đđļđđž đđđđžđ đĻđđđđ¯đđ¨đ¯ đđĩ đ¤đ āĨ¤
đđĻđđ¯đđ¤đĩđđ¤đ đđđđ¤đđ¯ đ¨ đ¤đđˇđ đ°đŽđ¤đ đŦđđ§đ āĨĨ22āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Pleasures that arise from contact with external objects are truly sources of suffering, since they have both a beginning and an end. Therefore, Arjuna, a wise person does not seek happiness in them.
đļđđđ¨đđ¤đđšđđĩ đ¯đ đ¸đđĸđđ đĒđđ°đžđđđļđ°đđ°đĩđŋđŽđđđđˇđŖđžđ¤đ āĨ¤
đđžđŽđđđ°đđ§đđĻđđđĩđ đĩđđđ đ¸ đ¯đđđđ¤đ đ¸ đ¸đđđ đ¨đ°đ āĨĨ23āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Whoever, while still alive, can withstand the powerful urges that arise from desire and anger before leaving the body, that person is truly disciplined and finds real happiness.
đ¯đđŊđđ¤đđ¸đđđđŊđđ¤đ°đžđ°đžđŽđ đ¤đĨđžđđ¤đ°đđđđ¯đđ¤đŋđ°đđĩ đ¯đ āĨ¤
đ¸ đ¯đđđ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđ¨đŋđ°đđĩđžđŖđ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđđđ¤đđŊđ§đŋđđđđđ¤đŋ āĨĨ24āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The yogi who finds happiness, delight, and illumination entirely within himself, having become one with Brahman, attains the ultimate liberation that is absorption in Brahman.
đ˛đđđ¤đ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđ¨đŋđ°đđĩđžđŖđŽđ đđˇđ¯đ đđđˇđđŖđđ˛đđŽđˇđžđ āĨ¤
đđŋđ¨đđ¨đĻđđĩđđ§đž đ¯đ¤đžđ¤đđŽđžđ¨đ đ¸đ°đđĩđđđ¤đšđŋđ¤đ đ°đ¤đžđ āĨĨ25āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Those sages whose faults have been worn away, who have overcome all doubts and dualities, who have mastered themselves, and who are dedicated to the well-being of all creatures, attain liberation in the Absolute.
đđžđŽđđđ°đđ§đĩđŋđ¯đđđđ¤đžđ¨đžđ đ¯đ¤đđ¨đžđ đ¯đ¤đđđ¤đ¸đžđŽđ āĨ¤
đ
đđŋđ¤đ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđ¨đŋđ°đđĩđžđŖđ đĩđ°đđ¤đ¤đ đĩđŋđĻđŋđ¤đžđ¤đđŽđ¨đžđŽđ āĨĨ26āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
For those who are free from desire and anger, who are self-disciplined and have mastered their minds, and who have realized their true nature, liberation in Brahman is present everywhere.
đ¸đđĒđ°đđļđžđ¨đđđđ¤đđĩđž đŦđšđŋđ°đđŦđžđšđđ¯đžđ¨đ đđđđˇđđļđđđđĩđžđđ¤đ°đ đđđ°đđĩđđ
đĒđđ°đžđŖđžđĒđžđ¨đ đ¸đŽđ đđđ¤đđĩđž đ¨đžđ¸đžđđđ¯đđ¤đ°đđžđ°đŋđŖđ āĨĨ2đāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Withdrawing attention from all external sensory contacts, fixing the gaze steadily between the eyebrows, and balancing both the outgoing and incoming breaths moving through the nostrils,
đ¯đ¤đđđĻđđ°đŋđ¯đŽđ¨đđŦđđĻđđ§đŋđ đŽđđ¨đŋđ°đđŽđđđđˇđĒđ°đžđ¯đŖđ āĨ¤
đĩđŋđđ¤đđđđđžđđ¯đđđ°đđ§đ đ¯đ đ¸đĻđž đŽđđđđ¤ đđĩ đ¸đ āĨĨ2đŽāĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
The sage who has mastered his senses, mind, and intellect, who is fully dedicated to liberation, and who is free from desire, fear, and anger, is always liberated.
đđđđđ¤đžđ°đ đ¯đđđđ¤đĒđ¸đžđ đ¸đ°đđĩđ˛đđđŽđšđđļđđĩđ°đŽđ āĨ¤
đ¸đđšđđĻđ đ¸đ°đđĩđđđ¤đžđ¨đžđ đđđđžđ¤đđĩđž đŽđžđ đļđžđđ¤đŋđŽđđđđđ¤đŋ āĨĨ2đ¯āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
One who recognizes Me as the ultimate recipient of all sacrifices and austerities, the supreme Lord of all worlds, and the true friend of every being, attains lasting peace.
āĨĨ đđ đ¤đ¤đđ¸đĻđŋđ¤đŋ đļđđ°đđŽđĻđđđđĩđĻđđđđ¤đžđ¸đ đđĒđ¨đŋđˇđ¤đđ¸đ đŦđđ°đšđđŽđĩđŋđĻđđ¯đžđ¯đžđ
đ¯đđđļđžđ¸đđ¤đđ°đ đļđđ°đđđđˇđđŖđžđ°đđđđ¨đ¸đđĩđžđĻđ đđ°đđŽđ¸đ¨đđ¨đđ¯đžđ¸đ¯đđđ đ¨đžđŽ đĒđđđŽđđŊđ§đđ¯đžđ¯đ āĨĨ
Translation (đđžđĩđžđ°đđĨ):
Thus ends the fifth chapter, called The Yoga of Renunciation of Action, in the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, which is found in the glorious Bhagavad Gita, a scripture on yoga and the knowledge of Brahman.
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