ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅର୍ଜୁନ ଉଵାଚ
ୟେ ଶାସ୍ତ୍ରଵିଧିମୁତ୍ସୃଜ୍ୟ ୟଜଂତେ ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟାନ୍ଵିତାଃ ।
ତେଷାଂ ନିଷ୍ଠା ତୁ କା କୃଷ୍ଣ ସତ୍ତ୍ଵମାହୋ ରଜସ୍ତମଃ ॥ 1 ॥
Meaning
ଅର୍ଜୁନଃ ଉଵାଚ — Arjuna said; ୟେ — those who; ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର-ଵିଧିମ୍ — the regulations of scripture; ଉତ୍ସୃଜ୍ୟ — giving up; ୟଜଂତେ — worship; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟା — full faith; ଅନ୍ଵିତାଃ — possessed of; ତେଷାମ୍ — of them; ନିଷ୍ଠା — the faith; ତୁ — but; କା — what; କୃଷ୍ଣ — O Kriṣṇa; ସତ୍ତ୍ଵମ୍ — in goodness; ଆହୋ — or else; ରଜଃ — in passion; ତମଃ — in ignorance.
Translation
Arjuna inquired: O Kriṣṇa, what is the situation of those who do not follow the principles of scripture but worship according to their own imagination? Are they in goodness, in passion or in ignorance?
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଶ୍ରୀଭଗଵାନୁଵାଚ
ତ୍ରିଵିଧା ଭଵତି ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା ଦେହିନାଂ ସା ସ୍ଵଭାଵଜା ।
ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକୀ ରାଜସୀ ଚୈଵ ତାମସୀ ଚେତି ତାଂ ଶଋଣୁ ॥ 2 ॥
Meaning
ଶ୍ରୀ-ଭଗଵାନ୍ ଉଵାଚ — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; ତ୍ରି-ଵିଧା — of three kinds; ଭଵତି — becomes; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା — the faith; ଦେହିନାମ୍ — of the embodied; ସା — that; ସ୍ଵ-ଭାଵ-ଜା — according to his mode of material nature; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକୀ — in the mode of goodness; ରାଜସୀ — in the mode of passion; ଚ — also; ଏଵ — certainly; ତାମସୀ — in the mode of ignorance; ଚ — and; ଇତି — thus; ତାମ୍ — that; ଶୃଣୁ — hear from Me.
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: According to the modes of nature acquired by the embodied soul, one’s faith can be of three kinds – in goodness, in passion or in ignorance. Now hear about this.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ସତ୍ତ୍ଵାନୁରୂପା ସର୍ଵସ୍ୟ ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା ଭଵତି ଭାରତ ।
ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧାମୟୋଽୟଂ ପୁରୁଷୋ ୟୋ ୟଚ୍ଛ୍ରଦ୍ଧଃ ସ ଏଵ ସଃ ॥ 3 ॥
Meaning
ସତ୍ତ୍ଵ-ଅନୁରୂପା — according to the existence; ସର୍ଵସ୍ୟ — of everyone; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା — faith; ଭଵତି — becomes; ଭାରତ — O son of Bharata; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା — faith; ମୟଃ — full of; ଅୟମ୍ — this; ପୁରୁଷଃ — living entity; ୟଃ — who; ୟତ୍ — having which; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧଃ — faith; ସଃ — thus; ଏଵ — certainly; ସଃ — he.
Translation
O son of Bharata, according to one’s existence under the various modes of nature, one evolves a particular kind of faith. The living being is said to be of a particular faith according to the modes he has acquired.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ୟଜଂତେ ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକା ଦେଵାନ୍ୟକ୍ଷରକ୍ଷାଂସି ରାଜସାଃ ।
ପ୍ରେତାନ୍ଭୂତଗଣାଂଶ୍ଚାନ୍ୟେ ୟଜଂତେ ତାମସା ଜନାଃ ॥ 4 ॥
Meaning
ୟଜଂତେ — worship; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକାଃ — those who are in the mode of goodness; ଦେଵାନ୍ — demigods; ୟକ୍ଷ-ରକ୍ଷାଂସି — demons; ରାଜସାଃ — those who are in the mode of passion; ପ୍ରେତାନ୍ — spirits of the dead; ଭୂତ-ଗଣାନ୍ — ghosts; ଚ — and; ଅନ୍ୟେ — others; ୟଜଂତେ — worship; ତାମସାଃ — in the mode of ignorance; ଜନାଃ — people.
Translation
Men in the mode of goodness worship the demigods; those in the mode of passion worship the demons; and those in the mode of ignorance worship ghosts and spirits.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅଶାସ୍ତ୍ରଵିହିତଂ ଘୋରଂ ତପ୍ୟଂତେ ୟେ ତପୋ ଜନାଃ ।
ଦଂଭାହଂକାରସଂୟୁକ୍ତାଃ କାମରାଗବଲାନ୍ଵିତାଃ ॥ 5 ॥
କର୍ଷୟଂତଃ ଶରୀରସ୍ଥଂ ଭୂତଗ୍ରାମମଚେତସଃ ।
ମାଂ ଚୈଵାଂତଃ ଶରୀରସ୍ଥଂ ତାନ୍ଵିଦ୍ଧ୍ୟାସୁରନିଶ୍ଚୟାନ୍ ॥ 6 ॥
Meaning
ଅଶାସ୍ତ୍ର — not in the scriptures; ଵିହିତମ୍ — directed; ଘୋରମ୍ — harmful to others; ତପ୍ୟଂତେ — undergo; ୟେ — those who; ତପଃ — austerities; ଜନାଃ — persons; ଦଂଭ — with pride; ଅହଂକାର — and egoism; ସଂୟୁକ୍ତାଃ — engaged; କାମ — of lust; ରାଗ — and attachment; ବଲ — by the force; ଅନ୍ଵିତାଃ — impelled; କର୍ଷୟଂତଃ — tormenting; ଶରୀର-ସ୍ଥମ୍ — situated within the body; ଭୂତ-ଗ୍ରାମମ୍ — the combination of material elements; ଅଚେତସଃ — having a misled mentality; ମାମ୍ — Me; ଚ — also; ଏଵ — certainly; ଅଂତଃ — within; ଶରୀର-ସ୍ଥମ୍ — situated in the body; ତାନ୍ — them; ଵିଦ୍ଧି — understand; ଆସୁର-ନିଶ୍ଚୟାନ୍ — demons.
Translation
Those who undergo severe austerities and penances not recommended in the scriptures, performing them out of pride and egoism, who are impelled by lust and attachment, who are foolish and who torture the material elements of the body as well as the Supersoul dwelling within, are to be known as demons.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଆହାରସ୍ତ୍ଵପି ସର୍ଵସ୍ୟ ତ୍ରିଵିଧୋ ଭଵତି ପ୍ରିୟଃ ।
ୟଜ୍ଞସ୍ତପସ୍ତଥା ଦାନଂ ତେଷାଂ ଭେଦମିମଂ ଶଋଣୁ ॥ 7 ॥
Meaning
ଆହାରଃ — eating; ତୁ — certainly; ଅପି — also; ସର୍ଵସ୍ୟ — of everyone; ତ୍ରି-ଵିଧଃ — of three kinds; ଭଵତି — there is; ପ୍ରିୟଃ — dear; ୟଜ୍ଞଃ — sacrifice; ତପଃ — austerity; ତଥା — also; ଦାନମ୍ — charity; ତେଷାମ୍ — of them; ଭେଦମ୍ — the differences; ଇମମ୍ — this; ଶୃଣୁ — hear.
Translation
Even the food each person prefers is of three kinds, according to the three modes of material nature. The same is true of sacrifices, austerities and charity. Now hear of the distinctions between them.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଆୟୁଃସତ୍ତ୍ଵବଲାରୋଗ୍ୟସୁଖପ୍ରୀତିଵିଵର୍ଧନାଃ ।
ରସ୍ୟାଃ ସ୍ନିଗ୍ଧାଃ ସ୍ଥିରା ହୃଦ୍ୟା ଆହାରାଃ ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକପ୍ରିୟାଃ ॥ 8 ॥
Meaning
ଆୟୁଃ — duration of life; ସତ୍ତ୍ଵ — existence; ବଲ — strength; ଆରୋଗ୍ୟ — health; ସୁଖ — happiness; ପ୍ରୀତି — and satisfaction; ଵିଵର୍ଧନାଃ — increasing; ରସ୍ୟାଃ — juicy; ସ୍ନିଗ୍ଧାଃ — fatty; ସ୍ଥିରାଃ — enduring; ହୃଦ୍ୟାଃ — pleasing to the heart; ଆହାରାଃ — food; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକ — to one in goodness; ପ୍ରିୟାଃ — palatable.
Translation
Foods dear to those in the mode of goodness increase the duration of life, purify one’s existence and give strength, health, happiness and satisfaction. Such foods are juicy, fatty, wholesome, and pleasing to the heart.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
କଟ୍ଵମ୍ଲଲଵଣାତ୍ୟୁଷ୍ଣତୀକ୍ଷ୍ଣରୂକ୍ଷଵିଦାହିନଃ ।
ଆହାରା ରାଜସସ୍ୟେଷ୍ଟା ଦୁଃଖଶୋକାମୟପ୍ରଦାଃ ॥ 9 ॥
Meaning
କଟୁ — bitter; ଅମ୍ଲ — sour; ଲଵଣ — salty; ଅତି-ଉଷ୍ଣ — very hot; ତୀକ୍ଷ୍ଣ — pungent; ରୂକ୍ଷ — dry; ଵିଦାହିନଃ — burning; ଆହାରାଃ — food; ରାଜସସ୍ୟ — to one in the mode of passion; ଇଷ୍ଟାଃ — palatable; ଦୁଃଖ — distress; ଶୋକ — misery; ଆମୟ — disease; ପ୍ରଦାଃ — causing.
Translation
Foods that are too bitter, too sour, salty, hot, pungent, dry and burning are dear to those in the mode of passion. Such foods cause distress, misery and disease.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ୟାତୟାମଂ ଗତରସଂ ପୂତି ପର୍ୟୁଷିତଂ ଚ ୟତ୍ ।
ଉଚ୍ଛିଷ୍ଟମପି ଚାମେଧ୍ୟଂ ଭୋଜନଂ ତାମସପ୍ରିୟମ୍ ॥ 10 ॥
Meaning
ୟାତ-ୟାମମ୍ — food cooked three hours before being eaten; ଗତ-ରସମ୍ — tasteless; ପୂତି — bad-smelling; ପର୍ୟୁଷିତମ୍ — decomposed; ଚ — also; ୟତ୍ — that which; ଉଚ୍ଚିଷ୍ଟମ୍ — remnants of food eaten by others; ଅପି — also; ଚ — and; ଅମେଧ୍ୟମ୍ — untouchable; ଭୋଜନମ୍ — eating; ତାମସ — to one in the mode of darkness; ପ୍ରିୟମ୍ — dear.
Translation
Food prepared more than three hours before being eaten, food that is tasteless, decomposed and putrid, and food consisting of remnants and untouchable things is dear to those in the mode of darkness.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅଫଲାକାଙ୍କ୍ଷିଭିର୍ୟଜ୍ଞୋ ଵିଧିଦିଷ୍ଟୋ ୟ ଇଜ୍ୟତେ ।
ୟଷ୍ଟଵ୍ୟମେଵେତି ମନଃ ସମାଧାୟ ସ ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକଃ ॥ 11 ॥
Meaning
ଅଫଲ-ଆକାଂକ୍ଷିଭିଃ — by those devoid of desire for result; ୟଜ୍ଞଃ — sacrifice; ଵିଧି-ଦିଷ୍ଟଃ — according to the direction of scripture; ୟଃ — which; ଇଜ୍ୟତେ — is performed; ୟଷ୍ଟଵ୍ୟମ୍ — must be performed; ଏଵ — certainly; ଇତି — thus; ମନଃ — mind; ସମାଧାୟ — fixing; ସଃ — it; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକଃ — in the mode of goodness.
Translation
Of sacrifices, the sacrifice performed according to the directions of scripture, as a matter of duty, by those who desire no reward, is of the nature of goodness.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅଭିସଂଧାୟ ତୁ ଫଲଂ ଦଂଭାର୍ଥମପି ଚୈଵ ୟତ୍ ।
ଇଜ୍ୟତେ ଭରତଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ତଂ ୟଜ୍ଞଂ ଵିଦ୍ଧି ରାଜସମ୍ ॥ 12 ॥
Meaning
ଅଭିସଂଧାୟ — desiring; ତୁ — but; ଫଲମ୍ — the result; ଦଂଭ — pride; ଅର୍ଥମ୍ — for the sake of; ଅପି — also; ଚ — and; ଏଵ — certainly; ୟତ୍ — that which; ଇଜ୍ୟତେ — is performed; ଭରତ-ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ — O chief of the Bhāratas; ତମ୍ — that; ୟଜ୍ଞମ୍ — sacrifice; ଵିଦ୍ଧି — know; ରାଜସମ୍ — in the mode of passion.
Translation
But the sacrifice performed for some material benefit, or for the sake of pride, O chief of the Bhāratas, you should know to be in the mode of passion.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଵିଧିହୀନମସୃଷ୍ଟାନ୍ନଂ ମନ୍ତ୍ରହୀନମଦକ୍ଷିଣମ୍ ।
ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧାଵିରହିତଂ ୟଜ୍ଞଂ ତାମସଂ ପରିଚକ୍ଷତେ ॥ 13 ॥
Meaning
ଵିଧି-ହୀନମ୍ — without scriptural direction; ଅସୃଷ୍ଟ-ଅନ୍ନମ୍ — without distribution of prasādam; ମଂତ୍ର-ହୀନମ୍ — with no chanting of the Vedic hymns; ଅଦକ୍ଷିଣମ୍ — with no remunerations to the priests; ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା — faith; ଵିରହିତମ୍ — without; ୟଜ୍ଞମ୍ — sacrifice; ତାମସମ୍ — in the mode of ignorance; ପରିଚକ୍ଷତେ — is to be considered.
Translation
Any sacrifice performed without regard for the directions of scripture, without distribution of prasādam [spiritual food], without chanting of Vedic hymns and remunerations to the priests, and without faith is considered to be in the mode of ignorance.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଦେଵଦ୍ଵିଜଗୁରୁପ୍ରାଜ୍ଞପୂଜନଂ ଶୌଚମାର୍ଜଵମ୍ ।
ବ୍ରହ୍ମଚର୍ୟମହିଂସା ଚ ଶାରୀରଂ ତପ ଉଚ୍ୟତେ ॥ 14 ॥
Meaning
ଦେଵ — of the Supreme Lord; ଦ୍ଵିଜ — the brāhmaṇas; ଗୁରୁ — the spiritual master; ପ୍ରାଜ୍ଞ — and worshipable personalities; ପୂଜନମ୍ — worship; ଶୌଚମ୍ — cleanliness; ଆର୍ଜଵମ୍ — simplicity; ବ୍ରହ୍ମଚର୍ୟମ୍ — celibacy; ଅହିଂସା — nonviolence; ଚ — also; ଶାରୀରମ୍ — pertaining to the body; ତପଃ — austerity; ଉଚ୍ୟତେ — is said to be.
Translation
Austerity of the body consists in worship of the Supreme Lord, the brāhmaṇas, the spiritual master, and superiors like the father and mother, and in cleanliness, simplicity, celibacy and nonviolence.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅନୁଦ୍ଵେଗକରଂ ଵାକ୍ୟଂ ସତ୍ୟଂ ପ୍ରିୟହିତଂ ଚ ୟତ୍ ।
ସ୍ଵାଧ୍ୟାୟାଭ୍ୟସନଂ ଚୈଵ ଵାଙ୍ମୟଂ ତପ ଉଚ୍ୟତେ ॥ 15 ॥
Meaning
ଅନୁଦ୍ଵେଗ-କରମ୍ — not agitating; ଵାକ୍ୟମ୍ — words; ସତ୍ୟମ୍ — truthful; ପ୍ରିୟ — dear; ହିତମ୍ — beneficial; ଚ — also; ୟତ୍ — which; ସ୍ଵାଧ୍ୟାୟ — of Vedic study; ଅଭ୍ୟସନମ୍ — practice; ଚ — also; ଏଵ — certainly; ଵାକ୍-ମୟମ୍ — of the voice; ତପଃ — austerity; ଉଚ୍ୟତେ — is said to be.
Translation
Austerity of speech consists in speaking words that are truthful, pleasing, beneficial, and not agitating to others, and also in regularly reciting Vedic literature.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ମନଃପ୍ରସାଦଃ ସୌମ୍ୟତ୍ଵଂ ମୌନମାତ୍ମଵିନିଗ୍ରହଃ ।
ଭାଵସଂଶଉଦ୍ଧିରିତ୍ୟେତତ୍ତପୋ ମାନସମୁଚ୍ୟତେ ॥ 16 ॥
Meaning
ମନଃ-ପ୍ରସାଦଃ — satisfaction of the mind; ସୌମ୍ୟତ୍ଵମ୍ — being without duplicity towards others; ମୌନମ୍ — gravity; ଆତ୍ମ — of the self; ଵିନିଗ୍ରହଃ — control; ଭାଵ — of one’s nature; ସଂଶୁଦ୍ଧିଃ — purification; ଇତି — thus; ଏତତ୍ — this; ତପଃ — austerity; ମାନସମ୍ — of the mind; ଉଚ୍ୟତେ — is said to be.
Translation
And satisfaction, simplicity, gravity, self-control and purification of one’s existence are the austerities of the mind.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟା ପରୟା ତପ୍ତଂ ତପସ୍ତତ୍ତ୍ରିଵିଧଂ ନରୈଃ ।
ଅଫଲାକାଙ୍କ୍ଷିଭିର୍ୟୁକ୍ତୈଃ ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକଂ ପରିଚକ୍ଷତେ ॥ 17 ॥
Meaning
ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟା — with faith; ପରୟା — transcendental; ତପ୍ତମ୍ — executed; ତପଃ — austerity; ତତ୍ — that; ତ୍ରି-ଵିଧମ୍ — of three kinds; ନରୈଃ — by men; ଅଫଲ-ଆକାଂକ୍ଷିଭିଃ — who are without desires for fruits; ୟୁକ୍ତୈଃ — engaged; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକମ୍ — in the mode of goodness; ପରିଚକ୍ଷତେ — is called.
Translation
This threefold austerity, performed with transcendental faith by men not expecting material benefits but engaged only for the sake of the Supreme, is called austerity in goodness.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ସତ୍କାରମାନପୂଜାର୍ଥଂ ତପୋ ଦଂଭେନ ଚୈଵ ୟତ୍ ।
କ୍ରିୟତେ ତଦିହ ପ୍ରୋକ୍ତଂ ରାଜସଂ ଚଲମଧ୍ରୁଵମ୍ ॥ 18 ॥
Meaning
ସତ୍-କାର — respect; ମାନ — honor; ପୂଜା — and worship; ଅର୍ଥମ୍ — for the sake of; ତପଃ — austerity; ଦଂଭେନ — with pride; ଚ — also; ଏଵ — certainly; ୟତ୍ — which; କ୍ରିୟତେ — is performed; ତତ୍ — that; ଇହ — in this world; ପ୍ରୋକ୍ତମ୍ — is said; ରାଜସମ୍ — in the mode of passion; ଚଲମ୍ — flickering; ଅଧ୍ରୁଵମ୍ — temporary.
Translation
Penance performed out of pride and for the sake of gaining respect, honor and worship is said to be in the mode of passion. It is neither stable nor permanent.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ମୂଢଗ୍ରାହେଣାତ୍ମନୋ ୟତ୍ପୀଡୟା କ୍ରିୟତେ ତପଃ ।
ପରସ୍ୟୋତ୍ସାଦନାର୍ଥଂ ଵା ତତ୍ତାମସମୁଦାହୃତମ୍ ॥ 19 ॥
Meaning
ମୂଢ — foolish; ଗ୍ରାହେଣ — with endeavor; ଆତ୍ମନଃ — of one’s own self; ୟତ୍ — which; ପୀଡୟା — by torture; କ୍ରିୟତେ — is performed; ତପଃ — penance; ପରସ୍ୟ — to others; ଉତ୍ସାଦନ-ଅର୍ଥମ୍ — for the sake of causing annihilation; ଵା — or; ତତ୍ — that; ତାମସମ୍ — in the mode of darkness; ଉଦାହୃତମ୍ — is said to be.
Translation
Penance performed out of foolishness, with self-torture or to destroy or injure others, is said to be in the mode of ignorance.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଦାତଵ୍ୟମିତି ୟଦ୍ଦାନଂ ଦୀୟତେଽନୁପକାରିଣେ ।
ଦେଶେ କାଲେ ଚ ପାତ୍ରେ ଚ ତଦ୍ଦାନଂ ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକଂ ସ୍ମୃତମ୍ ॥ 20 ॥
Meaning
ଦାତଵ୍ୟମ୍ — worth giving; ଇତି — thus; ୟତ୍ — that which; ଦାନମ୍ — charity; ଦୀୟତେ — is given; ଅନୁପକାରିଣେ — irrespective of return; ଦେଶେ — in a proper place; କାଲେ — at a proper time; ଚ — also; ପାତ୍ରେ — to a suitable person; ଚ — and; ତତ୍ — that; ଦାନମ୍ — charity; ସାତ୍ତ୍ଵିକମ୍ — in the mode of goodness; ସ୍ମୃତମ୍ — is considered.
Translation
Charity given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person is considered to be in the mode of goodness.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ୟତ୍ତୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟୁପକାରାର୍ଥଂ ଫଲମୁଦ୍ଦିଶ୍ୟ ଵା ପୁନଃ ।
ଦୀୟତେ ଚ ପରିକ୍ଲଇଷ୍ଟଂ ତଦ୍ଦାନଂ ରାଜସଂ ସ୍ମୃତମ୍ ॥ 21 ॥
Meaning
ୟତ୍ — that which; ତୁ — but; ପ୍ରତି-ଉପକାର-ଅର୍ଥମ୍ — for the sake of getting some return; ଫଲମ୍ — a result; ଉଦ୍ଦିଶ୍ୟ — desiring; ଵା — or; ପୁନଃ — again; ଦୀୟତେ — is given; ଚ — also; ପରିକ୍ଲିଷ୍ଟମ୍ — grudgingly; ତତ୍ — that; ଦାନମ୍ — charity; ରାଜସମ୍ — in the mode of passion; ସ୍ମୃତମ୍ — is understood to be.
Translation
But charity performed with the expectation of some return, or with a desire for fruitive results, or in a grudging mood is said to be charity in the mode of passion.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅଦେଶକାଲେ ୟଦ୍ଦାନମପାତ୍ରେଭ୍ୟଶ୍ଚ ଦୀୟତେ ।
ଅସତ୍କୃତମଵଜ୍ଞାତଂ ତତ୍ତାମସମୁଦାହୃତମ୍ ॥ 22 ॥
Meaning
ଅଦେଶ — at an unpurified place; କାଲେ — and unpurified time; ୟତ୍ — that which; ଦାନମ୍ — charity; ଅପାତ୍ରେଭ୍ୟଃ — to unworthy persons; ଚ — also; ଦୀୟତେ — is given; ଅସତ୍-କୃତମ୍ — without respect; ଅଵଜ୍ଞାତମ୍ — without proper attention; ତତ୍ — that; ତାମସମ୍ — in the mode of darkness; ଉଦାହୃତମ୍ — is said to be.
Translation
And charity performed at an impure place, at an improper time, to unworthy persons, or without proper attention and respect is said to be in the mode of ignorance.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଓଂ ତତ୍ସଦିତି ନିର୍ଦେଶୋ ବ୍ରହ୍ମଣସ୍ତ୍ରିଵିଧଃ ସ୍ମୃତଃ ।
ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣାସ୍ତେନ ଵେଦାଶ୍ଚ ୟଜ୍ଞାଶ୍ଚ ଵିହିତାଃ ପୁରା ॥ 23 ॥
Meaning
ଓଂ — indication of the Supreme; ତତ୍ — that; ସତ୍ — eternal; ଇତି — thus; ନିର୍ଦେଶଃ — indication; ବ୍ରହ୍ମଣଃ — of the Supreme; ତ୍ରି-ଵିଧଃ — threefold; ସ୍ମୃତଃ — is considered; ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣାଃ — the brāhmaṇas; ତେନ — with that; ଵେଦାଃ — the Vedic literature; ଚ — also; ୟଜ୍ଞାଃ — sacrifice; ଚ — also; ଵିହିତାଃ — used; ପୁରା — formerly.
Translation
From the beginning of creation, the three words oM tat sat were used to indicate the Supreme Absolute Truth. These three symbolic representations were used by brāhmaṇas while chanting the hymns of the Vedas and during sacrifices for the satisfaction of the Supreme.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ତସ୍ମାଦ୍ ଓଂ ଇତ୍ୟୁଦାହୃତ୍ୟ ୟଜ୍ଞଦାନତପଃକ୍ରିୟାଃ ।
ପ୍ରଵର୍ତଂତେ ଵିଧାନୋକ୍ତାଃ ସତତଂ ବ୍ରହ୍ମଵାଦିନାମ୍ ॥ 24 ॥
Meaning
ତସ୍ମାତ୍ — therefore; ଓଂ — beginning with oM; ଇତି — thus; ଉଦାହୃତ୍ୟ — indicating; ୟଜ୍ଞ — of sacrifice; ଦାନ — charity; ତପଃ — and penance; କ୍ରିୟାଃ — performances; ପ୍ରଵର୍ତଂତେ — begin; ଵିଧାନ-ଉକ୍ତାଃ — according to scriptural regulation; ସତତମ୍ — always; ବ୍ରହ୍ମ-ଵାଦିନାମ୍ — of the transcendentalists.
Translation
Therefore, transcendentalists undertaking performances of sacrifice, charity and penance in accordance with scriptural regulations begin always with oM, to attain the Supreme.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ତଦିତ୍ୟନଭିସଂଧାୟ ଫଲଂ ୟଜ୍ଞତପଃକ୍ରିୟାଃ ।
ଦାନକ୍ରିୟାଶ୍ଚ ଵିଵିଧାଃ କ୍ରିୟଂତେ ମୋକ୍ଷକାଙ୍କ୍ଷିଭିଃ ॥ 25 ॥
Meaning
ତତ୍ — that; ଇତି — thus; ଅନଭିସଂଧାୟ — without desiring; ଫଲମ୍ — the fruitive result; ୟଜ୍ଞ — of sacrifice; ତପଃ — and penance; କ୍ରିୟାଃ — activities; ଦାନ — of charity; କ୍ରିୟାଃ — activities; ଚ — also; ଵିଵିଧାଃ — various; କ୍ରିୟଂତେ — are done; ମୋକ୍ଷ-କାଂକ୍ଷିଭିଃ — by those who actually desire liberation.
Translation
Without desiring fruitive results, one should perform various kinds of sacrifice, penance and charity with the word tat. The purpose of such transcendental activities is to get free from material entanglement.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ସଦ୍ଭଆଵେ ସାଧୁଭାଵେ ଚ ସଦିତ୍ୟେତତ୍ପ୍ରୟୁଜ୍ୟତେ ।
ପ୍ରଶସ୍ତେ କର୍ମଣି ତଥା ସଚ୍ଛବ୍ଦଃ ପାର୍ଥ ୟୁଜ୍ୟତେ ॥ 26 ॥
ୟଜ୍ଞେ ତପସି ଦାନେ ଚ ସ୍ଥିତିଃ ସଦିତି ଚୋଚ୍ୟତେ ।
କର୍ମ ଚୈଵ ତଦର୍ଥୀୟଂ ସଦିତ୍ୟେଵାଭିଧୀୟତେ ॥ 27 ॥
Meaning
ସତ୍-ଭାଵେ — in the sense of the nature of the Supreme; ସାଧୁ-ଭାଵେ — in the sense of the nature of the devotee; ଚ — also; ସତ୍ — the word sat; ଇତି — thus; ଏତତ୍ — this; ପ୍ରୟୁଜ୍ୟତେ — is used; ପ୍ରଶସ୍ତେ — in bona fide; କର୍ମଣି — activities; ତଥା — also; ସତ୍-ଶବ୍ଦଃ — the sound sat; ପାର୍ଥ — O son of Prithā; ୟୁଜ୍ୟତେ — is used; ୟଜ୍ଞେ — in sacrifice; ତପସି — in penance; ଦାନେ — in charity; ଚ — also; ସ୍ଥିତିଃ — the situation; ସତ୍ — the Supreme; ଇତି — thus; ଚ — and; ଉଚ୍ୟତେ — is pronounced; କର୍ମ — work; ଚ — also; ଏଵ — certainly; ତତ୍ — for that; ଅର୍ଥୀୟମ୍ — meant; ସତ୍ — the Supreme; ଇତି — thus; ଏଵ — certainly; ଅଭିଧୀୟତେ — is indicated.
Translation
The Absolute Truth is the objective of devotional sacrifice, and it is indicated by the word sat. The performer of such sacrifice is also called sat, as are all works of sacrifice, penance and charity which, true to the absolute nature, are performed to please the Supreme Person, O son of Prithā.
ଶ୍ଲୋକଃ
ଅଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟା ହୁତଂ ଦତ୍ତଂ ତପସ୍ତପ୍ତଂ କୃତଂ ଚ ୟତ୍ ।
ଅସଦିତ୍ୟୁଚ୍ୟତେ ପାର୍ଥ ନ ଚ ତତ୍ପ୍ରେତ୍ୟ ନୋ ଇହ ॥ 28 ॥
Meaning
ଅଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧୟା — without faith; ହୁତମ୍ — offered in sacrifice; ଦତ୍ତମ୍ — given; ତପଃ — penance; ତପ୍ତମ୍ — executed; କୃତମ୍ — performed; ଚ — also; ୟତ୍ — that which; ଅସତ୍ — false; ଇତି — thus; ଉଚ୍ୟତେ — is said to be; ପାର୍ଥ — O son of Prithā; ନ — never; ଚ — also; ତତ୍ — that; ପ୍ରେତ୍ୟ — after death; ନ ଉ — nor; ଇହ — in this life.
Translation
Anything done as sacrifice, charity or penance without faith in the Supreme, O son of Prithā, is impermanent. It is called asat and is useless both in this life and the next.
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